dmidecode

calendar 2022-11-08 · 4 分钟 · Linux Command  ·
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在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息

补充说明

dmidecode命令 可以让你在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息。dmidecode的作用是将DMI数据库中的信息解码，以可读的文本方式显示。由于DMI信息可以人为修改，因此里面的信息不一定是系统准确的信息。dmidecode遵循SMBIOS/DMI标准，其输出的信息包括BIOS、系统、主板、处理器、内存、缓存等等。

DMI（Desktop Management Interface,DMI）就是帮助收集电脑系统信息的管理系统，DMI信息的收集必须在严格遵照SMBIOS规范的前提下进行。SMBIOS（System Management BIOS）是主板或系统制造者以标准格式显示产品管理信息所需遵循的统一规范。SMBIOS和DMI是由行业指导机构Desktop Management Task Force(DMTF)起草的开放性的技术标准，其中DMI设计适用于任何的平台和操作系统。

DMI充当了管理工具和系统层之间接口的角色。它建立了标准的可管理系统更加方便了电脑厂商和用户对系统的了解。DMI的主要组成部分是Management Information Format(MIF)数据库。这个数据库包括了所有有关电脑系统和配件的信息。通过DMI，用户可以获取序列号、电脑厂商、串口信息以及其它系统配件信息。

语法

1dmidecode [选项]

选项

1-d：(default:/dev/mem)从设备文件读取信息，输出内容与不加参数标准输出相同。
2-h：显示帮助信息。
3-s：只显示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string)
4-t：只显示指定条目的信息。(type)
5-u：显示未解码的原始条目内容。
6--dump-bin file：将DMI数据转储到一个二进制文件中。
7--from-dump FILE：从一个二进制文件读取DMI数据。
8-V：显示版本信息。

dmidecode参数string及type列表：

（1）Valid string keywords are：

  • bios-vendor
  • bios-version
  • bios-release-date
  • system-manufacturer
  • system-product-name
  • system-version
  • system-serial-number
  • system-uuid
  • baseboard-manufacturer
  • baseboard-product-name
  • baseboard-version
  • baseboard-serial-number
  • baseboard-asset-tag
  • chassis-manufacturer
  • chassis-type
  • chassis-version
  • chassis-serial-number
  • chassis-asset-tag
  • processor-family
  • processor-manufacturer
  • processor-version
  • processor-frequency

（2）Valid type keywords are：

  • bios
  • system
  • baseboard
  • chassis
  • processor
  • memory
  • Cache
  • connector
  • slot

（3）type全部编码列表：

  • BIOS
  • System
  • Base Board
  • Chassis
  • Processor
  • Memory Controller
  • Memory Module
  • Cache
  • Port Connector
  • System Slots
  • On Board Devices
  • OEM Strings
  • System Configuration Options
  • BIOS Language
  • Group Associations
  • System Event Log
  • Physical Memory Array
  • Memory Device
  • 32-bit Memory Error
  • Memory Array Mapped Address
  • Memory Device Mapped Address
  • Built-in Pointing Device
  • Portable Battery
  • System Reset
  • Hardware Security
  • System Power Controls
  • Voltage Probe
  • Cooling Device
  • Temperature Probe
  • Electrical Current Probe
  • Out-of-band Remote Access
  • Boot Integrity Services
  • System Boot
  • 64-bit Memory Error
  • Management Device
  • Management Device Component
  • Management Device Threshold Data
  • Memory Channel
  • IPMI Device
  • Power Supply
  • Additional Information
  • Onboard Device

实例

 1dmidecode -t 1  # 查看服务器信息
 2dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' # 查看服务器型号 
 3dmidecode |grep 'Serial Number' # 查看主板的序列号 
 4dmidecode -t 2  # 查看主板信息
 5dmidecode -s system-serial-number # 查看系统序列号 
 6dmidecode -t memory # 查看内存信息 
 7dmidecode -t 11 # 查看OEM信息 
 8dmidecode -t 17 # 查看内存条数
 9dmidecode -t 16 # 查询内存信息
10dmidecode -t 4  # 查看CPU信息
11
12cat /proc/scsi/scsi # 查看服务器硬盘信息

不带选项执行dmidecode命令通常会输出所有的硬件信息。dmidecode命令有个很有用的选项-t，可以按指定类型输出相关信息，假如要获得处理器方面的信息，则可以执行：

 1[root@localhost ~]# dmidecode -t processor
 2# dmidecode 2.11
 3SMBIOS 2.5 present.
 4
 5Handle 0x0001, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
 6Processor Information
 7        Socket Designation: Node 1 Socket 1
 8        Type: Central Processor
 9        Family: Xeon MP
10        Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
11        id: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF
12        Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2
13        Flags:
14                FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
15                VME (Virtual mode extension)
16                DE (Debugging extension)
17                PSE (Page size extension)
18                TSC (time stamp counter)
19                MSR (Model specific registers)
20                PAE (Physical address extension)
21                MCE (Machine check exception)
22                CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
23                APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)
24                SEP (Fast system call)
25                MTRR (Memory type range registers)
26                PGE (Page global enable)
27                MCA (Machine check architecture)
28                CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)
29                PAT (Page attribute table)
30                PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)
31                CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)
32                DS (Debug store)
33                ACPI (ACPI supported)
34                MMX (MMX technology supported)
35                FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)
36                SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)
37                SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)
38                ss (Self-snoop)
39                HTT (Multi-threading)
40                TM (Thermal monitor supported)
41                PBE (Pending break enabled)
42        Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5620  @ 2.40GHz
43        Voltage: 1.2 V
44        External Clock: 5866 MHz
45        Max Speed: 4400 MHz
46        Current Speed: 2400 MHz
47        Status: Populated, Enabled
48        Upgrade: ZIF Socket
49        L1 Cache Handle: 0x0002
50        L2 Cache Handle: 0x0003
51        L3 Cache Handle: 0x0004
52        Serial Number: Not Specified
53        Asset Tag: Not Specified
54        Part Number: Not Specified
55        Core Count: 4
56        Core Enabled: 4
57        Thread Count: 8
58        Characteristics:
59                64-bit capable
60
61Handle 0x0055, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
62Processor Information
63        Socket Designation: Node 1 Socket 2
64        Type: Central Processor
65        Family: Xeon MP
66        Manufacturer: Not Specified
67        ID: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
68        Signature: Type 0, Family 0, Model 0, Stepping 0
69        Flags: None
70        Version: Not Specified
71        Voltage: 1.2 V
72        External Clock: 5866 MHz
73        Max Speed: 4400 MHz
74        Current Speed: Unknown
75        Status: Unpopulated
76        Upgrade: ZIF Socket
77        L1 Cache Handle: Not Provided
78        L2 Cache Handle: Not Provided
79        L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
80        Serial Number: Not Specified
81        Asset Tag: Not Specified
82        Part Number: Not Specified
83        Characteristics: None

查看内存的插槽数，已经使用多少插槽。每条内存多大，已使用内存多大

1dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory\s+Device"|grep Size|grep -v Range 
2
3#   Size: 2048 MB
4#   Size: 2048 MB
5#   Size: 4096 MB
6#   Size: No Module Installed

查看内存支持的最大内存容量

1dmidecode|grep -P 'Maximum\s+Capacity'
2
3#  Maximum Capacity: 16 GB

查看内存的频率

 1dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"
 2
 3#   Memory Device
 4#     Array Handle: 0x1000
 5#     Error Information Handle: Not Provided
 6#     Total Width: 72 bits
 7#     Data Width: 64 bits
 8#     Size: 2048 MB
 9#     Form Factor: DIMM
10#     Set: 1
11#     Locator: DIMM_A1
12#     Bank Locator: Not Specified
13#     Type: DDR3
14#     Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
15#     Speed: 1333 MHz
16#     Manufacturer: 00CE000080CE
17#     Serial Number: 4830F3E1
18#     Asset Tag: 01093200
19#     Part Number: M391B5673EH1-CH9
20#   --
21#   Memory Device
22#     Array Handle: 0x1000
23#     Error Information Handle: Not Provided
24#     Total Width: 72 bits
25#     Data Width: 64 bits
26#     Size: 2048 MB
27#     Form Factor: DIMM
28#     Set: 1
29#     Locator: DIMM_A2
30#     Bank Locator: Not Specified
31#     Type: DDR3
32#     Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
33#     Speed: 1333 MHz
34#     Manufacturer: 00AD000080AD
35#     Serial Number: 1BA1F0B5
36#     Asset Tag: 01110900
37#     Part Number: HMT325U7BFR8C-H9
38#   --
39
40dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep 'Speed'
41
42#  Speed: 1333 MHz
43#  Speed: 1333 MHz
44#  Speed: 1333 MHz
45#  Speed: Unknown
46
47```shell
48
49
50
51[来源](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)：https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command
最后修改于： Wednesday, January 31, 2024
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